Flying with Toiletries: TSA, Customs and Airport Rules (2025)

flying with toiletries

Flying with toiletries is pretty straightforward here in the U.S., but if you fly overseas, there are constantly evolving security regulations across different countries that you want to stay on top of.

Last month, my neighbor returned from a European trip frustrated because she had to discard her favorite (and expensive!) face cream at security – a situation I’ll help you avoid with this comprehensive guide.

Recent Changes in Regulations that Impact Flying with Toiletries:

  • The UK and EU are gradually introducing new scanning technology that is already eliminating the traditional 3-1-1 liquid rule, though implementation varies by airport
  • Japan has introduced stricter regulations on aerosol products
  • Australia has updated its requirements for declaring organic and natural products

KEEN TIP: Always check your specific airport’s website a week before travel, as these changes are being implemented at different rates across regions.

1. Domestic U.S. Flight Regulations (TSA Rules)

Understanding the basics of TSA regulations is crucial for any flight departing from or within the United States. The cornerstone of these rules is the famous (or infamous) 3-1-1 rule for carry-on restrictions.

1.1 Understanding the 3-1-1 Liquid Rule

The 3-1-1 rule means three simple things: Each liquid must be in a 3.4-ounce (100ml) container or smaller, all containers must fit in one quart-sized clear plastic bag, and each passenger is limited to one bag. The contents of this bag can range from shampoo to cologne to toothpaste.

311 liquids

What’s considered a Liquid? According to customs and TSA, if it can be squeezed, smeared, pumped, or poured, treat it as a liquid.

KEEN TIP: Use a high-quality, heavy-duty quart-sized freezer bag instead of a flimsy sandwich bag. They’re more durable and less likely to tear during security screening.

1.2 What Qualifies as a Liquid or Gel

Here’s where things get interesting. Many travelers don’t realize that these items count as liquids:

  • Mascara
  • Lip gloss
  • Cream deodorant
  • Hand sanitizer
  • Face creams

When you add perfume, mascara, deodorant, mini shampoo and conditioner, mouthwash and other sundries, that quart-sized bag can fill up fast. You’ve got to get creative with some non-liquid substitutes (breath lozenges, stick deodorants, cake mascaras) if you want your carry-on to be fully stocked.

1.3 Carry-on Toiletry Restrictions

Beyond the 3-1-1 rule, the TSA has specific guidelines about what can go in your carry-on baggage. While most toiletries are allowed, items like aerosol sprays must meet additional requirements.

Beyond the basic 3-1-1 rule, here are the specific TSA requirements for aerosol sprays:

Aerosol Products:

  • Must be in 3.4 oz (100ml) or smaller containers
  • Must have a protective cap
  • Total quantity of all aerosols cannot exceed 2 kg (70 oz) per person
  • Must be for personal care or toiletries (non-flammable, non-toxic)
  • Release valves must be protected by caps to prevent accidental release

Prohibited Items:

  • Aerosol sunscreens labeled “Hazardous”
  • Self-defense sprays (including pepper spray)
  • Spray bleaches or dyes
  • Any aerosol marked “Flammable”

KEEN TIP: Pack aerosols in clear plastic bags separate from other liquids – TSA often wants to inspect these individually.

1.4 Checked Baggage Allowances

When it comes to checked baggage, the rules are more lenient but still have limitations. Last summer, a colleague learned the hard way that her aerosol dry shampoo exceeded the allowed 18 ounces for checked bags. To explore exactly what your checked bag can contain, learn what liquids you can and cannot pack in your checked suitcase when you are visiting a particular country. In some part of the world, regulations are very strict, even in checked bags.

suitcase

Here’s what you need to know:

  • Non-flammable toiletries such as shampoo: Generally unlimited
  • Aerosols: Maximum 18 ounces per container, 70 ounces total
  • Alcohol-based products: Maximum 70% alcohol content

1.5 Prohibited Items:

Some items are universally banned in both carry-on and checked bags:

  • Bleach-based products
  • Liquid peroxide above 3%
  • The TSA allows aerosols in carry-on bags if they meet the 3.4-ounce requirement and in checked bags up to 18 ounces per container. However, all aerosols must have a protective cap and can’t exceed a specific pressure rating.

PRO TIP: When packing aerosols in checked baggage, use protective caps and wrap them in clothing to prevent accidental discharge due to pressure changes.

1.6 How to Contact TSA

If you still have questions, reach out to TSA before you pack that carry-on or checked bag:

2. International Flight Regulations

When flying internationally, you deal with multiple layers of security protocols – both from your departure and arrival countries. I can tell you firsthand that assuming all countries follow TSA-style rules can lead to some expensive mistakes!

2.1 Departure Country Security Rules

The country you’re departing from sets the initial security requirements. For example, when leaving the U.S., you’ll follow TSA rules, but when departing from other countries, local regulations apply.

KEEN TIP: Always check the specific airport website for your departure city, as some airports have stricter rules than their country’s general guidelines.

2.2 Arrival Country Regulations

You’ll find out at customs processing that some countries have strict restrictions on common ingredients in Western toiletries. Here’s what to consider:

foreign country
  • Medication ingredients legal in your home country might be restricted
  • Some countries limit the total value of toiletries you can bring
  • Certain ingredients common in skincare products may be prohibited

2.3 General International Carry-on Guidelines

While the 100ml/3.4oz rule is fairly standard internationally, how it’s enforced varies:

  • EU and UK: Strict adherence to the 100ml rule, with zero tolerance
  • Asia: Some airports require separate screening for liquids
  • Middle East: Additional restrictions on certain perfumes and colognes

KEEN TIP: When flying through multiple countries, always pack according to the strictest rules on your itinerary.

2.4 Checked Baggage International Limits

International restrictions for checked baggage vary significantly:

  • Most countries don’t limit toiletry quantities in checked bags
  • Some restrict the total liquid volume
  • Others have specific rules about aerosols and pressurized containers

3. Region-Specific Toiletry Regulations

3.1 European Union (EU) Regulations

The EU, Schengen Area, and non-EU European countries have some distinct differences in security protocols.

european union

European Union (27 member states):

  • Standard 100ml/3.4oz liquid rule
  • Currently implementing new scanning technology
  • Unified regulations for carrying medications

Schengen Area (27 countries, including non-EU members):

  • Includes EU members plus:
    • Iceland
    • Norway
    • Switzerland
    • Liechtenstein
  • Excludes EU members:
    • Ireland
    • Cyprus
    • Bulgaria
    • Romania

KEEN TIP: When traveling between Schengen and non-Schengen countries within Europe, you’ll go through security again, so keep toiletries accessible.

Non-EU European Countries:

  • UK (post-Brexit): Own regulations, currently updating liquid rules
  • Switzerland: Follows similar rules but may have additional requirements
  • Norway: Aligned with EU regulations despite non-EU status

3.2 United Kingdom Rules

The UK is leading the charge in modernizing security screening:

UK
  • New CT scanners are being rolled out at major airports
  • 2024 transition period means rules vary by airport
  • Some airports still enforce strict 100ml limits

3.3 Asia-Pacific Requirements

Each country has unique considerations:

China:

  • Follows the global 100ml/3.4oz rule for liquids
  • Maximum 10 containers per passenger
  • All liquids must fit in a single clear, resealable bag
  • Bag size must not exceed 20cm x 20cm
  • Maximum 500ml per aerosol container
  • Total aerosol volume cannot exceed 2L

Japan:

  • Strict on aerosols
  • Requires declaration of liquid medications
  • Limited English signage about regulations

South Korea:

  • Advanced screening technology
  • Separate security lines for liquids
  • Strict about packaging conditions

3.4 Middle East Restrictions

UAE:

  • Carry-on: 100ml containers in 1L clear bag
  • Carry-on: Alcohol-based toiletries under 100ml allowed
  • Checked: Limited to 70% alcohol content max
  • Checked: No liquid limit, aerosols max 500ml per item

Saudi Arabia:

  • Carry-on: 100ml containers in a transparent bag
  • Checked: 2L total for liquids/aerosols
  • All alcohol-based toiletries prohibited, including perfumes, colognes, mouthwash

Qatar:

  • Carry-on: 100ml per item, max 1L total
  • Checked: No volume limit, but aerosols max 2L total
  • Alcohol-based products must be under 70% concentration
  • Must declare toiletries containing any alcohol

Bahrain:

  • Carry-on: Standard 100ml/1L bag rule
  • Checked: No specific limit, aerosols max 2L
  • Alcohol-based toiletries under 70% allowed: Must be clearly labeled with alcohol content

Kuwait:

  • Carry-on: 100ml containers, 1L total
  • Checked: No volume restrictions except aerosols (500ml per container)
  • Zero tolerance for alcohol-based products, including cosmetics with alcohol ingredients

KEEN TIP: When traveling to the Middle East, check ingredient lists for “ethanol” or “alcohol denatured” – these must comply with each country’s specific percentage limits or prohibitions.

Common Items to Check:

  • Perfumes
  • Mouthwash
  • Hand sanitizers
  • Aftershave
  • Some deodorants

3.5 African Nations Requirements

Different regions of Africa have varying requirements:

Africa

South Africa:

  • Strict regulations on aerosols
  • Declaration required for prescription medicines
  • Specific restrictions on traditional medicines and herbs

East Africa (Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda):

  • Usually follow international standards (3-1-1 rule)
  • Special permits are needed for large quantities of medicines
  • Stricter rules on natural/herbal products

North Africa:

  • Similar to Middle Eastern restrictions
  • Some countries restrict alcohol-based products
  • Morocco and Egypt have specific perfume quantity limits

3.6 Oceania Regulations

Australia:

  • Strict biosecurity laws affect toiletries
  • All organic/natural products must be declared
  • Special attention to tea tree and eucalyptus products

New Zealand:

  • Similar biosecurity concerns as in Australia
  • Declaration required for natural/organic products
  • Restrictions on bee-based products (honey, propolis)

Pacific Islands:

  • Varying regulations by island nation
  • Some restrict sunscreen ingredients to protect coral reefs
  • Limited pharmacy access makes bringing supplies important
  • Many restrict aerosols due to disposal concerns

PRO TIP: For Pacific Island travel, check both your specific island destination and any countries you’ll transit through, as regulations can vary significantly between islands.

Canada:

  • Follows 100ml/3.4oz rule for carry-on liquids
  • No limit on toiletries in checked bags, but aerosols must be protected against leaking
  • Non-prescription medications are limited to a 90-day supply
  • Cannabis-infused toiletries are prohibited even if legal in the origin country

Mexico:

  • The standard 100ml/3.4oz liquid rule applies
  • Aerosols are restricted to 500ml per container in checked bags
mexico
  • Prescription medications require original labeling and documentation in Spanish
  • Strict on natural/herbal products – require ingredients list in Spanish

Caribbean (General Guidelines):

  • Most islands follow the international 3-1-1 rule
  • Reef-safe sunscreen is required in many locations (especially Bonaire, Hawaii, Palau)
  • Natural products must be declared on arrival
  • Some islands restrict aerosol quantities due to disposal concerns

KEEN TIP: When island hopping in the Caribbean, check each specific island’s requirements as they can vary significantly despite being part of the same region.

4. International Customs and Duty-Free

Before diving into specifics, bookmark the International Air Transport Association (IATA) regulations page for the most up-to-date information.

4.1 Customs Declaration Requirements

Different regions handle customs declarations uniquely. Always check your destination country’s customs website before travel:

KEEN TIP: Take screenshots of customs regulations for your destination. Airport WiFi isn’t always reliable when you need to check rules.

4.2 Duty-Free Purchase Rules

Understanding duty-free limits can save you significant money. My colleague recently saved €50 on premium skincare products by understanding Paris Charles de Gaulle’s duty-free rules.

For checking duty-free allowances:

4.3 Country-Specific Restrictions

Some notable examples:

Australia:

  • Strict biosecurity laws affect organic products
  • Detailed product declaration required

UAE

  • Restricted ingredients database
  • Religious considerations for certain products

PRO TIP: Save the customs hotline number for your destination country in your contacts before traveling.

4.4 Quantity Limits for Personal Use

Most countries have reasonable limits for personal use, but “reasonable” varies:

  • EU: Generally allows 3 months’ supply of toiletries
  • Japan: Stricter limits on certain cosmetic categories
  • Australia: Quantitative restrictions on natural products

4.5 Prohibited Substances Internationally

banned

The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) maintains a comprehensive database of prohibited items called Dangerous Goods (the list appears on pages 10-12).

KEEN TIP: When in doubt about a specific ingredient, check both ICAO and your destination country’s restricted substances list.

5. Universal Exceptions and Special Allowances

Understanding medical exemptions and special allowances can make traveling with essential toiletries much easier.

5.1 Medically Necessary Liquids

These items often bypass standard liquid restrictions but require proper documentation:

  • Saline solution
  • Diabetes-related liquids
  • Contact lens solution above 3.4 oz
  • Prescription lotions

Check TSA’s medical condition documentation requirements which are fairly standard globally; you want a prescription and a letter from your doctor for any medically necessary liquid.

PRO TIP: Get that travel letter from your doctor in both English and the language of your destination country. When you are at customs, and an agent does not speak English, you will be glad you had that letter translated before you left home. Take photos of all medical documentation and store them in a cloud service you can access offline.

5.2 Baby Formula and Breast Milk

These items have special exemptions worldwide, meaning you are not limited to 3.4 oz.

Inform the TSA officer or customs agent at the beginning of the screening process that you are carrying formula, breast milk, toddler drinks, puree pouches in excess of 3.4 ounces.

Remove these items from your carry-on bag and place them in a dedicated bin to be screened separately from your other belongings. Security officers may need to test the liquids for explosives or concealed prohibited items.

5.3 Disability-Related Toiletries

If you travel with liquids in excess of 3.4 oz in your carry-on because of a disability, carry a prescription or doctor’s note explaining the need (translated into the language of your destination country) and alert the TSA and customs officer.

prescription

Common allowances include:

  • Liquid medications
  • Medical lubricants
  • Hygiene-related liquids
  • Essential prosthetic care items

5.4 Full-Size Items Allowed in Carry-On

Some items are exempt from liquid restrictions regardless of size:

  • Solid deodorant
  • Powder makeup
  • Bar soap
  • Solid shampoo bars

6. Essential Packing Strategies

After years of trial and error (and one memorable shampoo explosion over my favorite travel outfit), I’ve learned that how you pack your toiletries is as important as what you pack.

6.1 Organizing Carry-on Toiletries

For carry-on organization, professional travelers rely these guidelines: TSA-approved toiletry bags.

KEEN FAVORITE: My favorite toiletry bag combines spots to put makeup and jewelry and it hangs for super easy use at hotels. Shop Traveler’s Picks to check it out. I typically will keep all my liquid makeup in a wuart size zip lock bag while flying but once I’m at my destination, I transfer it all to the bag and pop it on a hook in the bathroom.

KEEN TIP: Buy multiple sets of your essential toiletries in travel sizes. Keep one set permanently packed to avoid last-minute scrambling.

Organization strategies:

  • Categorize items by security screening requirements
  • Keep frequently-needed items easily accessible
  • Use clear, labeled containers for transferred products

6.2 Checked Baggage Packing Methods

Last year, my suitcase arrived in Paris with a burst-open face cream that could have been prevented. Here’s what I learned:

PRO TIP: Double-bag everything. Place toiletries in zip-lock bags, then in a leak-proof toiletry bag.

6.3 Leak-Proof Techniques

Flight Attendant Secrets (shared by a 20-year veteran):

  • Remove a small amount from each bottle to allow for air expansion
  • Using screw-top containers instead of flip-caps
  • Use plastic wrap under screw caps

PRO TIP: Test your leak-proof packing by placing packed items in a sink and pressing firmly. If anything leaks, repack before your trip.

6.4 Space-Saving Solutions

Smart packing saves both space and weight:

  • Use solid alternatives when possible (shampoo bars, solid perfumes)
  • Consider dual-purpose products
  • Pack sample sizes for short trips

PRO TIP: Create a travel toiletry spreadsheet with items, sizes, and how long they typically last. This prevents overpacking and ensures you have enough for your trip duration.

Multi-Use Products Worth Considering:

  • Dr. Bronner’s Pure-Castile Soap (face, body, laundry)
  • Coconut oil (moisturizer, makeup remover, hair treatment)
  • BB cream with SPF (foundation, sunscreen, moisturizer)

7. Special Categories of Toiletries

Different types of toiletries require different packing strategies. Let’s break down the most challenging categories and their solutions.

7.1 Makeup and Cosmetics

The average makeup bag contains both liquid and solid products, making it particularly tricky for travel.

makeup

Liquid Makeup Considerations:

  • Foundation
  • Liquid eyeliner
  • Cream blush
  • Mascara (yes, it counts as a liquid!)

Solid Alternatives:

  • Powder foundation instead of liquid
  • Stick concealer
  • Powder blush
  • Eyeshadow palettes
  • Cake mascara with a brush

7.2 Natural and Organic Products

Natural products often require special attention due to ingredients that may:

  • Separate during flight
  • React to temperature changes
  • Trigger customs scrutiny (keep the item in original packaging to reveal the purpose and ingredients)

PRO TIP: Many natural products come in solid form (shampoo bars, lotion bars), making them perfect for carry-on travel.

vitamins probiotics

Temperature-Sensitive Items:

  • Essential oils
  • Natural deodorants
  • Oil-based products
  • Probiotics and vitamins

7.3 Solid Toiletry Alternatives

The rise of solid toiletries has revolutionized travel packing.

Popular Solid Alternatives:

  • Shampoo bars
  • Conditioner bars
  • Toothpaste tablets
  • Sunscreen sticks
  • Solid perfume

Storage Solutions:

  • Ventilated containers for solid soaps
  • Tin containers for solid perfumes
  • Bamboo cases for toothpaste tablets

8. Pre-Flight Preparation

Having a systematic approach to pre-flight preparation can save time, money, and stress at security checkpoints.

8.1 Documentation Checklist

Create a digital and physical folder containing:

  • Medical documentation for liquid medications
  • Prescriptions and doctor’s letters
  • Receipts for duty-free purchases
  • Customs declarations forms

PRO TIP: Keep a photo album on your phone titled “Travel Documents” with pictures of all necessary paperwork, including prescription labels.

8.2 Airline-Specific Requirements

Different airlines have varying policies:

flyer talk

Go to the airline’s website and join travel forums like FlyerTalk to get real-time updates from travelers about changing airline policies.

8.3 Security Checkpoint Tips

Speed through security with these strategies:

  • Pack your 3-1-1 bag last and keep it easily accessible
  • Use clear containers to speed up screening
  • Remove items requiring separate screening before reaching the belt

9. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ’s)

9.1 What’s the exact size limit for liquids in carry-on bags?

The TSA liquid rule specifies 3.4 ounces (100 milliliters) or less per container. This isn’t about how much liquid is left in the container – it’s about the container’s maximum capacity. Bringing a half-full 6-ounce container isn’t allowed.

PRO TIP: Look for the volume printed on your containers – this is what security officers check, not how full the container is.

9.2 What about medications in liquid form?

Liquid medications are exempt from the 3-1-1 rule but require:

  • Original prescription labels
  • Doctor’s note recommended for large quantities
  • Declaration at security checkpoint

9.3 Are face masks and creams considered liquids?

Any spreadable, smearable, or pourable substance counts as a liquid. Sheet masks are considered solids and aren’t restricted.

PRO TIP: When in doubt, pack creams and masks in your 3-1-1 bag. Security officers often err on the side of caution.

9.4 Can I bring aerosol sunscreen in my checked baggage?

Yes, but with limitations:

  • Must have a protective cap
  • Can must be 18 oz or less in checked bag
  • Total quantity of all aerosols cannot exceed 70 ounces Verify current restrictions:

9.5 What about dry shampoo?

Aerosol dry shampoo follows the same rules as other aerosols:

  • 3.4 ounces or less for carry-on
  • Up to 18 ounces in checked bags
  • Must include original cap

9.6 Are there restrictions on makeup wipes?

Makeup wipes and other solid cosmetic wipes don’t count as liquids and can be packed in unlimited quantities in both carry-on and checked bags.

PRO TIP: Pack a few wipes in your carry-on for quick refreshing during long flights.

9.7 Can I bring nail polish on a plane?

Yes, but:

  • Must be in your 3-1-1 bag for carry-on
  • Limited to 3.4 ounces per bottle
  • Nail polish remover is prohibited in carry-on bags

9.8 What’s the deal with toothpaste?

Toothpaste counts as a liquid/gel and must follow the 3-1-1 rule for carry-ons. Consider toothpaste tablets for longer trips.

PRO TIP: Pack travel-size toothpaste in both carry-on and checked bags in case of delayed luggage.

9.9 What about toiletries in connecting flights through different countries?

When taking international connections, you’ll need to comply with each country’s regulations. For example, if flying from the US to India via London, you’ll need to meet UK requirements even if just transiting.

PRO TIP: For complex itineraries, pack assuming the strictest regulations of all countries you’ll pass through.

9.10 How do I handle expensive skincare products when traveling?

For high-end beauty products:

  • Pack them in checked luggage
  • Consider shipping full-size products to your destination

PRO TIP: Many luxury brands now offer travel sets that comply with aviation regulations.

9.11 Are solid perfumes and colognes allowed on planes?

Solid fragrances are permitted in both carry-on and checked bags without restrictions. However, some Middle Eastern countries have specific regulations about fragrances. Check your destination’s customs website for details.

10. Wrap Up

Successfully flying with toiletries requires a combination of preparation, knowledge, and strategic packing. Remember these key takeaways:

  • Always check current regulations for the country you are visiting before each trip
  • Pack assuming the strictest rules on your itinerary
  • Keep documentation readily available
  • Use solid alternatives when possible

PRO TIP: Consider creating a master toiletry packing list in your phone’s notes app. Update it after each trip with lessons learned and new discoveries.

Remember, regulations continue to evolve, particularly with new screening technologies being implemented worldwide. Stay informed, pack smart, and travel confidently with your essential toiletries.

We will update this article as regulations change, so check back often to be sure you’ll always be compliant.

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